Blood Glucose
The cells in the body are affected by the amount of glucose circulating in the blood, as it I used to transports carbohydrates around the body. The main uses of carbohydrates in the body is to provide energy to the body, therefore acting as a fuel, it is also used to repair the muscles of the body. Therefore, if the concentration of glucose in the body is increased or decreased the body would be greatly affected, and that’s why the concentration is strictly controlled within the range of 0.8-1g/d of the blood. Very low level of glyucose causes hypoglycaemia while very high
levels of glucose in the blood causes hyperglycemia, these two ailments can lead to the death of the individual.
The pancreas controls the blood glucose level in the body, it uses a glucose receptor cell to monitor how concentrated the glucose in the blood actually is. The pancreases also contains and endocrine cells which are called Islets of Langerhans which is used to secrete hormones. These two cells are also called the α-cell and the β-cell, they are used to secrete the hormones glucagon and insulin respectively, and they have the opposite effects on blood glucose and are therefore antagonistic.
Insulin is used to stimulate the intake of glucose from the blood to cells for the purpose of respiration, in the liver however it stimulates the conversation of glucose to glycogen called glycogenesis, which therefore decreases the blood glucose in the body. Therefore if the body is unable to make enough insulin pharmacy drugs like insulin are therefore used to prevent the body from low high levels of glycogen or hyperglycemia.
Glucagon on the other hand is used in the prevention of hypoglycemia in the body; it stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver which is called glycogenolysis in the body. It can also be used to stimulate the synthesis of glucose from pyruvate in extreme cases in the body; this further increases the amount of glucose in the blood.
Glucose is absorbed from the gut into the hepatic portal vein which further increases the concentration of glucose in the blood, the pancreases which secrets insulin detects the glucose in the body. As the main role of insulin to take glucose back up to the liver and further converts it into
glycogen.
levels of glucose in the blood causes hyperglycemia, these two ailments can lead to the death of the individual.
The pancreas controls the blood glucose level in the body, it uses a glucose receptor cell to monitor how concentrated the glucose in the blood actually is. The pancreases also contains and endocrine cells which are called Islets of Langerhans which is used to secrete hormones. These two cells are also called the α-cell and the β-cell, they are used to secrete the hormones glucagon and insulin respectively, and they have the opposite effects on blood glucose and are therefore antagonistic.
Insulin is used to stimulate the intake of glucose from the blood to cells for the purpose of respiration, in the liver however it stimulates the conversation of glucose to glycogen called glycogenesis, which therefore decreases the blood glucose in the body. Therefore if the body is unable to make enough insulin pharmacy drugs like insulin are therefore used to prevent the body from low high levels of glycogen or hyperglycemia.
Glucagon on the other hand is used in the prevention of hypoglycemia in the body; it stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver which is called glycogenolysis in the body. It can also be used to stimulate the synthesis of glucose from pyruvate in extreme cases in the body; this further increases the amount of glucose in the blood.
Glucose is absorbed from the gut into the hepatic portal vein which further increases the concentration of glucose in the blood, the pancreases which secrets insulin detects the glucose in the body. As the main role of insulin to take glucose back up to the liver and further converts it into
glycogen.